The demarcation of Iraq-Iran border at Shalamcha crossing border using multiple geomatics techniques

The demarcation of international borders is an essential issue. Although this can manage between neighboring countries, sometimes disputes may lead to many wars and problems. However, be solved officially by negotiation the two sides; actual solution required determination exact borderline with pillars' positions. Consequently, a series positioning computations are required, followed field works fixing these locations practically. This procedure achieved efficiently geomatics techniques. paper analyses delimitation Iraq-Iran according 1975 Treaty. To highlight problems their solutions, case study Shalamcha Border crossing area at Basrah, south Iraq. In area, new proposed railroad connects which identifying frontiers pillars. available data were extracted modern techniques based on aerial photos taken in approval maps Thus, digital triangulation was used (i.e. Bundle Adjustment Leica photogrammetry system) produce orthorectified images. derived positions images checked observations Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS). final results show differences existing one. means that marker pillars do not match there 220m Iranian overstepping towards Iraq, shifting reconsideration border points. Finally, whole checking re- demarcations.